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	<title>Comments on: Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture</title>
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	<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/</link>
	<description>Providing a clear perspective on developing science and technology responsibly</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Tue, 15 May 2012 03:19:34 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: daniel h pope</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-184340</link>
		<dc:creator>daniel h pope</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 May 2012 07:18:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-184340</guid>
		<description>I am very interested in the singularity issue.  The discussions between parties is very interesting and somewhat disturbing (in that actually reaching the singularity creates many moral, ethical and practical issues).  Meanwhile it was nice to see that Matt Kuchar won the golf tournament today.

dan Pope</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am very interested in the singularity issue.  The discussions between parties is very interesting and somewhat disturbing (in that actually reaching the singularity creates many moral, ethical and practical issues).  Meanwhile it was nice to see that Matt Kuchar won the golf tournament today.</p>
<p>dan Pope</p>
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		<title>By: daniel h pope</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-184339</link>
		<dc:creator>daniel h pope</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 May 2012 07:14:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-184339</guid>
		<description>This is a very interesting and important issue.  I will delve into it further and provide comments in the future.  I need to think about this very carefully before commenting further.

Thanks.

Dan Pope</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is a very interesting and important issue.  I will delve into it further and provide comments in the future.  I need to think about this very carefully before commenting further.</p>
<p>Thanks.</p>
<p>Dan Pope</p>
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		<title>By: Evan</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-153479</link>
		<dc:creator>Evan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Dec 2011 06:39:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-153479</guid>
		<description>In reference to Daisy&#039;s comment, even tinkering with bacteria may raise ethical concerns associated with a wide range of dangers.  Even the tools associated with biohacking could be potentially harmful if allowed to intermingle with wild genetic pools.  Antibiotic resistance is a great example where releasing strains of non-harmful bacteria (whether by accident, or on purpose) with resistance to important antibiotics can lead to resistance in pathogenic species through horizontal gene transfer.  

I think there should be some serious caution in all aspects of biology when mixing genes.  I&#039;m not against it at all, but the level of stringency by which the academic (and even industrial) standards are formed may not apply in a garage lab.  As a lab assistant, I spend probably about 20% of my time autoclaving, sterilizing, disinfecting, and otherwise, simply to reduce the possibility of releasing recombinant organisms.  

This doesn&#039;t just apply to rats or plants or people; all it takes is one slip of a biohacker and one might change the biological landscape irreversibly.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In reference to Daisy&#8217;s comment, even tinkering with bacteria may raise ethical concerns associated with a wide range of dangers.  Even the tools associated with biohacking could be potentially harmful if allowed to intermingle with wild genetic pools.  Antibiotic resistance is a great example where releasing strains of non-harmful bacteria (whether by accident, or on purpose) with resistance to important antibiotics can lead to resistance in pathogenic species through horizontal gene transfer.  </p>
<p>I think there should be some serious caution in all aspects of biology when mixing genes.  I&#8217;m not against it at all, but the level of stringency by which the academic (and even industrial) standards are formed may not apply in a garage lab.  As a lab assistant, I spend probably about 20% of my time autoclaving, sterilizing, disinfecting, and otherwise, simply to reduce the possibility of releasing recombinant organisms.  </p>
<p>This doesn&#8217;t just apply to rats or plants or people; all it takes is one slip of a biohacker and one might change the biological landscape irreversibly.</p>
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		<title>By: Adam Eisenberg</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-103741</link>
		<dc:creator>Adam Eisenberg</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Jan 2011 04:06:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-103741</guid>
		<description>I agree with you Timos, but if &quot;biohacking&quot; does infact grow and become something there will be war on it. It would start &quot;biohacking wars&quot; for there will be dispute and conflic within the &quot;biohacking&quot; community, like there is with digital hacking.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I agree with you Timos, but if &#8220;biohacking&#8221; does infact grow and become something there will be war on it. It would start &#8220;biohacking wars&#8221; for there will be dispute and conflic within the &#8220;biohacking&#8221; community, like there is with digital hacking.</p>
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		<title>By: Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-79945</link>
		<dc:creator>Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Aug 2010 09:02:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-79945</guid>
		<description>[...] Originally posted June 13 2008 [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Originally posted June 13 2008 [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Andrew Maynard</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-49874</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Maynard</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Feb 2010 14:14:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-49874</guid>
		<description>Thanks Timos.  It&#039;s interesting that, since writing this, the &quot;biohacker&quot; movement has continued to grow rather rapidly.  Think we could be in for some interesting times.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks Timos.  It&#8217;s interesting that, since writing this, the &#8220;biohacker&#8221; movement has continued to grow rather rapidly.  Think we could be in for some interesting times.</p>
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		<title>By: Timos Papagatsias</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-49871</link>
		<dc:creator>Timos Papagatsias</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Feb 2010 14:01:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-49871</guid>
		<description>Very good article, indeed raising many questions. 
I believe that science and technology could well be in the reach of aspiring &quot;biohackers&quot;, as you call them, and if not, there&#039;s enough info out there and plenty of individuals that will somehow &quot;innovate&quot; and experiment with what is available to them.
I don&#039;t know if we&#039;ll see a &quot;war&quot; between &quot;biohackers&quot; with no ethics and the &quot;bio-police&quot; (or something equivalent) similar to the &quot;war&quot; between hackers (see virus, worms etc developers) and the &quot;net-police&quot;, but I think we should accept the possibility that it might happen.
Again, very good read!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Very good article, indeed raising many questions.<br />
I believe that science and technology could well be in the reach of aspiring &#8220;biohackers&#8221;, as you call them, and if not, there&#8217;s enough info out there and plenty of individuals that will somehow &#8220;innovate&#8221; and experiment with what is available to them.<br />
I don&#8217;t know if we&#8217;ll see a &#8220;war&#8221; between &#8220;biohackers&#8221; with no ethics and the &#8220;bio-police&#8221; (or something equivalent) similar to the &#8220;war&#8221; between hackers (see virus, worms etc developers) and the &#8220;net-police&#8221;, but I think we should accept the possibility that it might happen.<br />
Again, very good read!</p>
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		<title>By: 2020 Science in 2009 &#8211; and a chance to win a rather nifty 2020 Science Mug!</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-47597</link>
		<dc:creator>2020 Science in 2009 &#8211; and a chance to win a rather nifty 2020 Science Mug!</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Feb 2010 03:07:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-47597</guid>
		<description>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture (June 13) [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture (June 13) [...]</p>
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		<title>By: A new era for DIY science &#124; lilykim.com</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-43602</link>
		<dc:creator>A new era for DIY science &#124; lilykim.com</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Jan 2010 17:21:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-43602</guid>
		<description>[...] Thoughtful post by Andrew Maynard of 2020science discussing the ethics of synthetic biology and biohackers [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Thoughtful post by Andrew Maynard of 2020science discussing the ethics of synthetic biology and biohackers [...]</p>
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		<title>By: No Irish at iGEM &#124; Journalist.ie</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-35489</link>
		<dc:creator>No Irish at iGEM &#124; Journalist.ie</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Nov 2009 00:22:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-35489</guid>
		<description>[...] From Science Line: Now that Ireland finally has a large-scale effort in systems biology underway, maybe it&#8217;s time to establish a small-scale effort in building genetically engineered machines.   The MIT-hosted International Genetically Engineered Machine competition (iGEM) for students is now in its seventh year &#8211; the final jamboree kicks off at Cambridge, Mass., on 30 Oct. However, an Irish team has yet to pull on the green jersey and splice some DNA for the nation &#8211; or, ahem, fiddle about with biobrick components for the nation.   Synthetic biology &#8211; is it lego for genetic engineers or biology&#8217;s final frontier? Who knows? But the competition is one good way to get undergraduate students thinking along interdisciplinary lines, as their professors would have it; or thinking along biological hacker lines, as they would have it. Which is, of course, a whole other can of worms. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] From Science Line: Now that Ireland finally has a large-scale effort in systems biology underway, maybe it&#8217;s time to establish a small-scale effort in building genetically engineered machines.   The MIT-hosted International Genetically Engineered Machine competition (iGEM) for students is now in its seventh year &#8211; the final jamboree kicks off at Cambridge, Mass., on 30 Oct. However, an Irish team has yet to pull on the green jersey and splice some DNA for the nation &#8211; or, ahem, fiddle about with biobrick components for the nation.   Synthetic biology &#8211; is it lego for genetic engineers or biology&#8217;s final frontier? Who knows? But the competition is one good way to get undergraduate students thinking along interdisciplinary lines, as their professors would have it; or thinking along biological hacker lines, as they would have it. Which is, of course, a whole other can of worms. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: links for 2009-10-11 &#171; Blarney Fellow</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-32159</link>
		<dc:creator>links for 2009-10-11 &#171; Blarney Fellow</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Oct 2009 01:07:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-32159</guid>
		<description>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture (tags: bio dna genetics hacking ethics community culture) [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture (tags: bio dna genetics hacking ethics community culture) [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Time to vote for your favorite science blogs</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-12596</link>
		<dc:creator>Time to vote for your favorite science blogs</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2009 13:17:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-12596</guid>
		<description>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Are we ready for synthetic biology?</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-2234</link>
		<dc:creator>Are we ready for synthetic biology?</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2009 11:02:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-2234</guid>
		<description>[...] And the current regulatory framework doesn’t even begin to touch on developments that lie outside its traditional sphere of control—including a growing “biohacking” community. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] And the current regulatory framework doesn’t even begin to touch on developments that lie outside its traditional sphere of control—including a growing “biohacking” community. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: A 2020 Science Taster</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-868</link>
		<dc:creator>A 2020 Science Taster</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Feb 2009 13:01:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-868</guid>
		<description>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture. What the heck is synthetic biology, is “biopunk” a real word, and are the 21st century equivalents of computer hackers going to reconfigure life as we know it?  I can’t promise any easy answers, but hopefully this post from June 2008 helps set the scene. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture. What the heck is synthetic biology, is “biopunk” a real word, and are the 21st century equivalents of computer hackers going to reconfigure life as we know it?  I can’t promise any easy answers, but hopefully this post from June 2008 helps set the scene. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Biohacking—synthetic biology for the technologically marginalized &#171; 2020 Science</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-17</link>
		<dc:creator>Biohacking—synthetic biology for the technologically marginalized &#171; 2020 Science</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 27 Dec 2008 02:44:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-17</guid>
		<description>[...] biology for the technologically&#160;marginalized  Last June I wrote a short piece on biohacking, prompted by a UK report on the social and ethical challenges of synthetic biology.  At the time, [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] biology for the technologically&nbsp;marginalized  Last June I wrote a short piece on biohacking, prompted by a UK report on the social and ethical challenges of synthetic biology.  At the time, [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Andrew Maynard</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-15</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Maynard</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Dec 2008 00:04:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-15</guid>
		<description>Thanks Daisy Hacker.  The science and technology might still be beyond the reach of aspiring &quot;biohackers,&quot;  but the possibilities here are intriguing - and raise a lot of questions.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks Daisy Hacker.  The science and technology might still be beyond the reach of aspiring &#8220;biohackers,&#8221;  but the possibilities here are intriguing &#8211; and raise a lot of questions.</p>
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		<title>By: Daisy hacker</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-16</link>
		<dc:creator>Daisy hacker</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Dec 2008 22:10:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-16</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m interested in the ethics of &#039;biohacking&#039; If you are doing anything bigger then bactiria, it could be a potential ethical problem. However, that&#039;s the kind of tricky stuff that would be interesting to do. I really liked this artical, it gave a lot of great links, and some good info.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m interested in the ethics of &#8216;biohacking&#8217; If you are doing anything bigger then bactiria, it could be a potential ethical problem. However, that&#8217;s the kind of tricky stuff that would be interesting to do. I really liked this artical, it gave a lot of great links, and some good info.</p>
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		<title>By: Saints or synners? &#171; 2020 Science</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-18</link>
		<dc:creator>Saints or synners? &#171; 2020 Science</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Dec 2008 14:02:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-18</guid>
		<description>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Blogroll &#187; Links for 2008-10-11 [del.icio.us]</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-14</link>
		<dc:creator>Blogroll &#187; Links for 2008-10-11 [del.icio.us]</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Oct 2008 06:19:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-14</guid>
		<description>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture &quot; 2020 Science [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Synthetic biology, ethics and the hacker culture &quot; 2020 Science [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Synthetic biology and the public: Time for a heart to heart? &#171; 2020 Science</title>
		<link>http://2020science.org/2008/06/13/8613-synthetic-biology-ethics-and-the-hacker-culture/#comment-13</link>
		<dc:creator>Synthetic biology and the public: Time for a heart to heart? &#171; 2020 Science</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Oct 2008 19:00:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://2020science.wordpress.com/?p=245#comment-13</guid>
		<description>[...] J. Craig Venter Institute is racing ahead towards creating the first artificial bacteria, and “biohackers” are learning how to re-engineer life at an increasingly rapid [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] J. Craig Venter Institute is racing ahead towards creating the first artificial bacteria, and “biohackers” are learning how to re-engineer life at an increasingly rapid [...]</p>
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